Arduino Builder for Windows is

not

a standalone application. There[SQ]s no separate program called "Arduino Builder." The term refers to the

compilation and linking process

that occurs within the Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) when you upload a sketch (program) to your Arduino board.

The Arduino IDE, which runs on Windows (as well as macOS and Linux), contains the builder. This builder is a collection of tools and scripts that :

1-Parses your code: It reads your Arduino sketch (.ino file) and any included libraries.

2-Preprocesses the code: Handles directives like `#include`, `#define`, etc.

3-Compiles the code: Translates your C++ code into assembly language specific to the target Arduino board[SQ]s processor (e.g., AVR, ESP32, etc.). This uses a compiler like avr-g++ for AVR-based boards.

4-Links the object files: Combines the compiled code with necessary libraries and startup routines.

5-Generates the final hex file: Creates a `.hex` file containing the machine code ready to be uploaded to the microcontroller.

In short, when you click the "Upload" button in the Arduino IDE, the "Arduino Builder" (which isn[SQ]t a separate program you interact with directly) is what does all the behind-the-scenes work to transform your human-readable code into instructions that the Arduino can execute.